Mitigation potential of antibiotic resistance genes in water and soil by clay-based adsorbents

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a growing environmental concern, found in soil, biosolids, plants, and animals. Soils are key reservoirs for ARGs, and naturally available clays and minerals can help mitigate contamination. Understanding the complex mechanisms of ARGs retention, degradation, and transformation on clay surfaces is crucial for developing scalable remediation methods. Future research should focus on inexpensive clay adsorbents and nature-based solutions for mitigating AMR.